Harry S Truman came to be the vice president on Franklin D. Roosevelt's ticket when FDR chose Truman over Wallace for his fourth term. Franklin D. Roosevelt won that election, and Harry S Truman stepped up a little bit further in the world of politics. Eighty-two days after Franklin was sworn in, he died, and thus Harry S Truman was made the president of the United States (Truman).
The main problem that Truman had to deal with when he went into office was World War II. Truman ordered the atomic bombs to be dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima when Japan would not surrender. After almost 200,000 people had died from the bombs, Japan surrendered.
During Truman's presidency, many "documents" came about. The Fair Deal consisted mostly of everyone being able to have health care, minimum wage being increased, and equal rights for all Americans. Congress rejected it ("Truman Announced a Fair Deal"). The Truman Doctrine stated that the U.S. would help out Greece and Turkey because of the Soviet Union invasion ("Our Documents - Truman Doctrine (1947)"). The Marshall Plan stated that the U.S. would give money and help Europe build up its economy (Clack). The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was signed by various countries of Europe and the United States. It stated that each country would give mutual assistance to another country if they were attacked ("NATO"). The Manhattan Project was a secret project that was meant to develop the atomic bomb ("Manhattan Project"). The "Containment" was a foreign policy that checked the "expansionist policy of the Soviet Union" ("containment (foreign policy -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia)"). The Truman's Executive Order 9981 stated that there would be equal treatment in all the Armed Services ("Truman Library - Executive Order 9981"). The Fair Employment Act stated that all federal agencies should treaty everybody the same disregarding their race ("Fair Employment Act").
Truman went for reelection in 1948 against Dewey. Everyone expected that Dewey would win, but he didn't. Truman won, and below is a picture of a newspaper that said "Dewey Defeats Truman ("Truman:HST Biography")."
The other major thing that happened while Truman was in office was the Korean War. The North Koreans invaded South Korea, and the United States stepped in to help the South Koreans. The Chinese entered the war. MacArthur, a general for the U.S., disagreed with Truman about pursuing the Chinese, and he was fired (Truman).
"Dewey Defeats Truman"
http://www.electriceggplant.com/davidmccullough/images/photos/dewey_defeats_truman.jpg